Supervisory control system



y 16, 1940- .H. P.'BO$WAU 2,208,535

SUPERVISORY CONTROL SYSTEM Original Filed July 3, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 #0051 aswao. Q WP H. P. BOSWAU SUPERVISORY CONTROL SYSTEM Original Filed July 3, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR f ans I? Bo swau.

July 16, 1940.- R 5 g 2,208,535

SUPERVISORY CONTROL SYSTEM Original Filed July 5, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Cite/1 reaker INVENTOR H005 P505 wao 343 A ORNE July 16, 1940.

H. P. BOSWAU SUPERVISORY CONTROL SYSTEM Original Filed July 3, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet '4 INVENTOR #005 PBasn/au.

A TORN Patented July 16, 1940 SUPERVISORY CONTROL SYSTEM Hans P. Boswau, Lorain, Ohio, assignor to The North Electric Manufacturing Company,

Galion, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Original application July 3, 1931, Serial No. 548,595, now Patent No.2,091,301,dated August 31, 1937. Divided and this application August 20, 1937, Serial No. 160,015 r '7 Claims. (G1. 1775-353) My invention relates to signalling systemsand Serial No. 548,595, filed July 3, 1931, now Patent No. 2,091,301, dated August 31, 1937.

An extremely important item of cost in the supervisory control systems is the number of signalling lines which are necessary for satisfactory operation. Heretofore it has been generally regarded necessary to provide more than one signalling channel between the main station and the substation such as a control line, a supervisory line, a drive or synchronizing line and a common return, making a total of four conductors. This has been particularly regardednecessary in those systems where visual indication of the remote selection and operation is desired. I have discovered that visual supervisory indication, both of selection and operation, as well as direct control and synchronization, may all be obtained over a single signalling circuit.

Accordingly, an object of my invention is to provide a novel supervisory control system in which a single signalling channel or circuit is employed for remote synchronous selection, checking of selection, direct operation, and visual supervision of remotely disposed apparatus units.

Still a further object of my invention is to provide novel and improved apparatus for and methods of supervisory control.

In addition to the reduction of cost of the supervisory control system by decreasing the number of lines, it is also desirable to-reduce the cost of the selecting equipment. Where, however, a maximum of safeguarding against inaccurate operation is desired, the amount of selecting apparatus increases enormously. Increase in the amount of apparatus'means increased complications and added dangers of breakdown, thus, to a degree, defeating the very purpose of the additional selecting apparatus.

Accordingly, a further object of my invention is to provide novel signalling circuits whereby the synchronous selection of remotely disposed .ap-f

paratus units, the checking of the selection operation, control of the selected units an'd supervision of the operated selected unit, are all performed by a common set of selecting apparatus.

Still a further object of my invention is to provide simplified common equipment for selecting remotely disposed apparatusunits, checking the selection, operating the selecting unit by a code, and supervising the operating unit.

Still another object oi my inventionis to pro videnovel selecting apparatus and circuit arrangements for switching the function of the se lecting apparatus successively to select, check the selection, control and supervise apparatus units.

A further object is to provide in one embodiment of my invention novel circuit arrangements including normally energized line relays for controlling the operation of the selecting apparatus.

A still further object of'my invention is to provide novel circuit arrangements in a supervisory control system for automatically resetting the system toa normal condition when any point selection fails to check.

Another object of my invention is to provide novel circuit arrangements in a supervisory control system for automatically,resetting the apparatus to normal in the event that the ofiice battery is lost, either momentarily or for an extended period of time.

, Still a further object of my invention is to provide means for automatically checking all selecting points in the event that the battery is lost either at the ofiice or substations or both.

,Still another object of my invention is to provide means whereby the selecting apparatus is non-responsive to any impulses other than the regular signalling impulses.

, Another object of my invention is to provide novel protective means against false operations or indications when the batteries at either station are interrupted rapidly, simulating impulses.

supervisory indications when either the battery at the ofiice or substation fails during the sending of impulses or in the event that the line opens. There are other objects of my invention which,

together with the foregoing objects, will appear in the detailed description which is to follow.

In general my invention comprises a single signalling channel or a trunk line of two wires extending between the dispatchers oilice and a distant station When a circuit breaker at a predetermined station is in the trip position and. ,thedispatcher desires to close it, he first operates a twist type control key to the closed position and then presses a non-locking push button. The key and push buttons are individual to the control point selected. This causes the ultimate operation of the relay means associated with that point, which relay means determine the code'to be transmitted to the remote station.

The codes comprise a plurality of series of impulses, one series of impulses functioning to select circuit breaker are connected to the master,

circuits.

When the point checking relay at the office has been energized, the code transmitting relays at the office which have been transmittingthe series of impulses, as described above, are released from further operation. The dispatcher is advised of the proper selection at the substation and of the successful check of this selection by the lighting of a check lamp associated with the selected breaker.

The master control key is now momentarily depressed and, as a result, code combinations of impulses are transmitted to the substation for operating the selected circuit breaker. It should be noted, at this time, that the final operating code combination of impulses was not transmitted until the group and point selection of the breaker has been checked at the ofiice and the dispatcher is certain to which particular breaker he is connected for operation.

In response to the operation of code combinations of impulses, the selected breaker is operated from its tripped to its closed position. As a result,

contacts on the circuit breaker auxiliary switch complete a circuit for operating the code transmitting means at the substation for transmitting a code combination of impulses to the office in accordance with the new condition of the circuit,

breaker. At the oifice, code responsive means are operated in response to this code combination of impulses to in turn operate a lamp relay which will indicate that the circuit breaker has been I closed.

Following the receipt of the supervisory signal indicating the new condition of the breaker, a special impulse is automatically transmitted from the ofiice, differing in character from the signalling impulses and, in response to this special impulse, the equipment at the oiiice and substations is restored to normal condition. In the particular embodiment of my invention which I have illustrated in the drawings, I employ a specially long impulse for this purpose although it will be understood that any other special impulse may be used.

In the event that a circuit breaker is automatically tripped from its closed to its open position, a series of code combinations of impulse conditions is transmitted from the substation at which the circuit breaker is located tothe dispatching office. The first code combination of impulses transmitted from the substation to the dispatching ofiice is in accordance with the particular breaker which has tripped and at the office a relay individual to this breaker is operated in response to this code combination of impulse conditions.

' As a result of the energization of this relay a point selection check code combination is transmitted back to the substation.

In response to this point selection checking code combination, a circuit is set up at the substation for associating the operated circuit breaker with the signal circuit or channel. At this time the individual supervisory relay at the ofiice has also been associated with this same channel in response to the operation of the point selecting relay.

A code combination of impulses is now transmitted from the transmitting equipment controlled by the circuit breaker in accordance with the condition of the breaker to the office. In response to this received code combination of impulse conditions, the supervisory relay is operated to indicate the new condition of the breaker. As, in the case of the operation of the circuit breaker by the dispatcher, following the operation of the supervisory relay a special impulse is transmitted from the oflice, similar in character to the previous combination impulse for restoring the selected apparatus to normal.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of the individual equipment and selecting relays at the ofiice,

Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the common equipment of the ofiice.

Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the individual equipment and selecting relays at the substation; and

Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the common equipment at the substation.

In Figure 1, I have disclosed diagrammatically the apparatus which, in practice, is located on the dispatchers control panel in the oiiice and which comprises a common or master equipment and the equipment individual toeach apparatus. The master equipments, which are designated on the drawings according to their individual functions, include the master control key It'll which is of the push-non-lock type and is designated master control key. This key when depressed, applies battery at its closed contacts to the operation control circuit. After the desired apparatus has been selected, the master control key is, as will be hereinafter described, momentarily depressed.

The release key I03 is a non-lock type key designated release key. This key is associated with a light alarm I04 and bell alarm I65 and also functions to control the release of all of the relay equipment, as will appear hereinafter.

When an automatic trip operation occurs, the alarm light I94 and the alarm bell I05 are energized to notify the dispatcher that an operation is being reported and the bell will continue to give an alarm until the release key is momentarily depressed. After the dispatcher observes the operation that has taken place, he momentarily depresses the release key I03 which releases the alarm circuit.

A lamp I06 is also provided to indicate that code sending has been initiated from the office while the lamp I04 indicates code sending initiated from the substation.

The individual equipment required for each control point is, in practice, mounted upon key plates. These key plates are designated to correspond to the operation that the key controls.

In practice, card holders are mounted at the top of each key plate to allow the dispatcher to designate the various key plates as desired.

For each point equipment for control and supervision, the individual equipment supplied includes one individual control key such, for example, as IIO which is of the twist type and which remains in whichever position it is placed. The setting of this control key determines what operation is to be performed on the selected remote substation device.

One large red supervisory lamp I is provided which, when illuminated indicates that the associated unit at the substation is in its closed position. One large green supervisory lamp H3 is provided which, when illuminated, indicates that the associated unit at the substation is in its open position. A small white and black dot guard lamp I00 is provided which is illuminated when the setting of the individual control key such as IIO disagrees with the position of the associated unit at the distant station; that is, assuming that the dispatcher has operated the individual control key to the closed position, as a result of which the breaker has closed, but that, thereafter, the breaker opens automatically due to the operation of protective devices at the remote station, the disagreement lamp will glow.

Thus the guard lamp I00 is illuminated in addition to the green supervisory lamp II3 to indicate to the dispatcher that an automatic operation has occurred at the substation and that, accordingly, the setting of the control key and individual lamp do not agree. This is necessary in order to prevent unexpected remote operation, in the event that the selection of a remote unit is made and the dispatcher fails to note that the individual control key position does not agree with the condition of the unit. A check lamp I0'I is also provided, which is illuminated when the relay chain has completed the operation of the point selecting relays at the office and distant station. These check lamps are energized under control of the selection relays at the dispatchers office.

The individual point equipment is the same for each of the other points, except that for these points equipped for supervision only, no control key or guard lamp is provided.

The individual equipment is also provided with a point operate key H4, which is a push-non-lock' type of key. This key, upon being depressed, controls the individual point relay I29 (to be described hereinafter) to start the apparatus and determine the selection code to be sent. Depres sion of this key also controls energization of relay 2I6 (to be described hereinafter) for enabling the apparatus to distinguish between operations started by this key from operations started from any other cause. In the former case, the apparatus stops at a selected position until the master key is depressed. In the latter case, the apparatus goes through a verifying operation. Associated with the common control equipment at the office, is a relay I21 which, as will appear hereinafter, is energized when a supervisory signal is received in response to anautomatic operation at the substation and operates the alarm bell I and (green) alarm lamp I04, thus advising the dispatcher that a supervisory signal is being received. Relay I32, also part of the common equipment, is energized following the receipt of a supervisory signal to prepare the final oper- Thesupervisory lamps are controlled by. the

trolling the transmission of the operation control supervisory receiving relay I23 which is energized or deenergized in response to received supervisory signals under control of the supervisory receiving relay l33 which functions as a point selecting relayand associates the common equipment with a particular point. Relay I29 controls the starting of the systeminto operation, in response to the depressing of control key H0, and furthermore determines the selection code to be sent. Italso controls the operation control circuit of control key I I0.

Relays I39 to I43 are arranged, as will appear in more detail hereinafter, to function successively as selecting relays to make a point selection; to check the selections made at the remote station; to control the transmission of an operation control code to closeor trip the selected breaker and to operate the lamp relay I28. In this same group of selecting relays there is provided a dummy selecting relay I38 which prevents an incorrect selection by reason of a single erroneous impulse being transmitted. Relays I35 to I31 energize in sequence and in series with the relays I38 to I43 to control the successive energization of these latter relays and to prevent simultaneous operation of any two selecting relays during a selecting operation.

In Figure 2, the relay 200 is the line relay which, in this embodiment of my invention, is normally energized over the signalling line. The intermittent energization and de-energization of 'this relay is controlled by relay 20I, the operation of which will be controlled by various means, as will appear hereinafter.

Relay 200- controls the energizing circuit for the slow-to-release relay 202 which, when once energized, remains energized during the intermittent energization and de-energization of relay 200 and will de-energize only if relay 200 remains de-energized for a predetermined period. Relay 202, in this manner, releases the selecting appa ratus to restore it to normal at the end of the signalling period.

Relay 203 functions to switch the selecting apparatus from reception to transmission of the selecting impulses. When the sending of the point selecting code is completed, as will appear hereinafter, relay 2I2 is energized to in turn open the energizing. circuit for the relay 203.

Relay 204, during the transmission of impulses, is intermittently energized and tie-energized in an interlocking circuit with relay 200 to control the intermittent energization and de-energization of relay 20I as the relay 200 energizes and cle-energizes.

When the check code is to be received following a remote selection, relay 201 is energized to in turn energize the relays 208 and 200, to prepare the dispatchers equipment to receive the check code. At the end of the receipt of the check code, relay 2 energizes in conjunction with the point selecting relay I33 to prepare the circuits for the transmission of the operation control code to operate the selected apparatus unit. With this relay energized, the selecting relays I39 to I43 function to transmit the operation control code.

Relay ZI8 energizes in response to the depression of a point operate control key to start the apparatus into operation by energizing the sending relay 203. This relay functions in cooperation with relay 2I6 which is directly controlled by the point control key. Relay 2 I 5 is energized under control of the master control key for concode.

Relay 2 I4 is energized at the end of a complete cycle of operations to start restoration of the set to normal.

Relay H3 is normally energized and is deenergized only when the battery is interrupted. Thereafter it functions to restore the apparatus at both ends to normal.

The operations for sending a signal to the dispatcher to designate the automatic operation of a device at the remote station are similar to the operations initiated by the dispatcher for such operation, except that in the case of an automatic operation, the operations are initiated electrically through auxiliary contacts on the circuit breaker itself. In such instances, the dispatcher, in addition to receiving a bell signal, notes the change in lamp indication which shows which device on the system is operated. If. a certain device is in the closed position, the red lamp associated with that particular device would be illuminated; opening of the device would extinguish the red lamp and light the green lamp: and also the guard lamp.

Examples of the apparatus units to be selectively controlled and supervised from the ofiice are diagrammatically illustrated together with their common equipment in Figure 3. The trip circuit breaker magnet 3H5 and the closed circuit breaker magnet 3|? are provided for a breaker 2H5. Similarly, a trip magnet 3!!) and closed magnet 320 are provided for a second individual breaker. Auxiliary switching mechanism associated with each breaker are illustrated at 3|8 and 32!. These control individual slow magnets 3I2 and 3| 4, respectively, which in turn control the starting of the supervisory operations and the transmission of supervisory signals, in a manner to be described in detail hereinafter, through the operation of their associated relays an and m.

Relays 309 and 310 are the code control operating relays operating in response to a control operation from the office for selectively operating their associated trip circuit breaker magnets and closed circuit breaker magnets.

Relays 383 to 308 are arranged, as will appear in more detail hereinafter, to be energized suecessively to'make a point selection in response to signals received from the office to transmit back to the office a check code indicating the selection made at the oflice to transmit to the oilice a code to make a supervisory selection in response to a supervisory operation at the substation and'to control the transmission of supervisory signals in response to the operation of the breaker. These relays, as will appear hereinafter, operate in synchronism with relays I38 to I43.

In this same group of selecting relays,- there is provided a dummy selecting relay 303 which prevents an incorrect selection by reason of a single erroneous impulse being transmitted. Relays 36B to 302 energize in sequence and in series with relays 303 to 303 to control the successive energization of these latter relays and to prevent simultaneous operation of any two selecting relays during the selecting operation.

In Figure 4 the relay 400 is the line relay which in this embodiment of my invention is normally energized over the signalling line 223 extending from the ofiice to the substation. The intermittent energization and deenergization of this relay is controlled by .the relay 40!, the operationof which may be controlled by various means, as will appear hereinafter. Relay 400 controls the energizing circuitffor the slow to release relay 402 which once energized remains energized during the intermittent energization and deenergization of relay 40B and will deenergize only if relay s00 remains deener'gized for a predetermined period. Relay 402 in this manner releases the selecting apparatus to restore it to normal at the end of a signalling period.

Relay 4% functions to switch the selecting apparatus from reception to transmission of the selecting impulses when the sending of the point selecting code, following a supervisory operation is completed, as will appear hereinafter. Relay M2 controls the energizing circuit for the relay 403.

Relay 204, during the transmission of impulses is intermittently energized and deenergized in an interlocking circuit with the relay 400 to control the intermittent energization and de-energization of relay till, as the relay 400 energizes and de-energizes. When the check code is to be received following a remote selection, relay 401 is energized to in turn energize relays 408 and 409. At the end of the receipt of the check code, relay 4H is energized in conjunction with the point selection relay to prepare the circuits for the transmission of a supervisory operating code.

Relay H8 energizes in response to the energization of relay 303 following the receipt of the first selecting impulse from the office,-and operates in conjunction with relay M6. At armature 635 this relay controls an energizing circuit for the relay 4!! which is in turn controlled by the individual equipment of the apparatus units at the substation.

In order to make the invention clear, the following detailed description of operations is given:

Normally, an energizing circuit extends from positive battery at the substation over the line conductor M9 to the front contact and armature 226 of relay 2l3, conductor 22!, armature 222 and its back contact, to the winding of the line relay 200, over the line conductor 223 extending to the remote substation, the armature M9 and its back contact, through the winding of the line relay 4%, to negative battery.

It will be noted that this energizing circuit depends upon the energization of relay 2l 3 at the office, and this relay is normally energized in the following manner. When the apparatus is first setup into operation and the battery connections are made, the slow-to-de-energize relay 2 I i is energized over a circuit from negative battery through the winding of the relay 2M and the armature 22A of relay 2H3 and its back contact, to positive battery.

As a result of the energization of the relay 2M over this circuit, an obvious energizing circuit over the armature 225 of the relay 2| 4 is completed for the relay 2l3 which, upon energization, locks itself over the front contact and armature 226. Relay 213, thereafter, remains energized until the office battery is lost, as will be explained in more detail hereinafter.

As a result of the energization of the line relay 200 over the circuit above traced, an obvious energizing circuit over its armature 22'! is completed for the relay 202, which, upon energization, opens the energizing circuit for the slow relay 2!? at armature 228.

At the substation, as a result of the energization of the line relay 400, an energizing circuit is completed for the relay 402 at armature 420.

Relays 2-02 and 402 control the reset circuits at armatures 228 and 42!, respectively. This will be explained in detail hereinafter.

It will be noted from the foregoing that, with the system in its normal condition, relays 200,

202 and 2I3 at the oflice and relays 400 and 402 at the substation are energized. As will appear hereinafter, the individual point relays such as I29 and I3I at the office and relays 3H and 3I3 at the substation are also normally energized, while the lamp relayssuch as I28 and I30 at the ofl'ice and the supervisory relays such as 3I2 and 3 at the substation may either be energized or de-energized, depending upon the position of their associated circuit breakers.

In. order to explain the operations which occur when either the dispatcher desires to close a circuit-breaker or a breaker in the substation is automatically operated, and a signal indicating such operation is to be received at the office; the control and supervisory operations which occur in response to these conditionswill now be described.

It will be assumed that the dispatcher desires to operate the breaker at selecting point 4 to a closed position. To this end the operator will move the control key at I20, which is now shown in the trip position, to its alternate close" position, at which the contacts I2I and I22 engage their inner contacts. The dispatcher will also momentarily operate the point operate key I24.

As a result of the depression of the point operate key I24, an energizing circuit is completed for the relay 2I6 from negative battery'through the winding of the relay 2I 6 over the armature 233 of relay 2 I1 and its back contact, the armature 234 of relay 2I8 and its back contact, a conductor 235 to the lower contact I25 of point operate key I24, topositive battery. Relay 2I6 energizes and locks itself over the front contact and its armature 236.

The point relay I3I, due to some previous operation, is at this time locked over its armature I44, as will be more clearly set forth hereinafter. When the point operate key I24 is momentarily operated, the winding circuit for the point relay I3I is shunted down over a circuit including the conductor I M, contact I26 of point operate key I24, conductor I46, the back contact and armature 299 of relay 2I8, back contact and armature 230 of relay 211, back contact and armature 23I ofrelay 208, and back contact and armature 232 of relay 2| I, to positive battery.

As a result of the de-energization of point relay I3I, an energizing circuit is completed for the relay 2I8 from negative battery over armature I44 of relay I3l and its back contact, conductor I41, through the winding of the relay 2I8, the back contact and armature 231 of relay 2I1, to the back contact and armature 238 of relay 2, to positive battery. At this time the point operate key I 24 which was just momentarily closed, as indicated above, is released and the contacts opened, as shown.

A result of the energization of relay 2I0 is to complete an energizing circuit for the relay 203 from negative battery through the winding 2"! is to open any possible shunting circuit for point relays such as, relays I29 and I3I at armature 229, so that these point relays can now no longer be de-energized until the completion of all the operations, as will be clearer from the description hereinafter. At armature 234, the original energizing circuit for the relay 2H5 is also opened, but this relay is now locked over its armature 236 and is accordingly unaffected at this time. The purpose of opening the original energizing circuit of relay 2I6 is to prevent its energization by accidentally depressing a point operate key such as I24 while the system is functioning to indicate an automatic operation of a circuit breaker.

As a result of the energization of relay 203, an energizing circuit is completed for the relay 20I from negative battery through the winding of relay 20!, over conductor 243, armature and back contact 244 of relay 2I4, armature 245 of relay 204 and its back contact, and the front contact and armature 246 of relay 203, topositive battery.

The energization of relay 20I opens the normal holding circuit for the line relays 200 and 400 at the oflice and substation, respectively, as traced hereinbeiore, and these relays are 'accordingly de-energized.

At the office the result of the de-energization of line relay 200 is to complete an energizing circuit for the relay 204 over the front contact and armature 241 of relay 203, the front contact and armature 248 of relay 202, and the back contact and armature 221 of relay 200, to positive battery; this circuit being completed immediately after the de-energization of line relay 200 and before the de-energization of slow relay 202, the circuit of which is momentarily opened.

An energizing circuit is completed for'relay 205 in multiple with the circuit traced above for the relay 204.

A third multiple circuit extending from the positive battery at armature 221 of relay'200 is completed over conductor 249, armature 250 of relay 206 and its back contact, armature I40 of relay I35 and its back contact, armature I 40 of relay I36 and its back contact, armature I50 of relay I31 and its back contact, through the winding of the dummy selecting relay I38, to negative battery.

Before explaining the further operations at the office, the operations which occur at the substation as a result of the de-energization of relay 400 will now be explained. I

As a first result of the de-energization of line relay 400, an energizing circuit is completed for the relay 401 from negative battery through the winding of the relay 401, back contact and ar mature 422 of relay 405, back contact and armature 423 of relay 403, front contact and armature 424 of relay 402, and the back contact and armature 420 of relay 400, to positive battery, this circuit being completed after the de-energization of line relay 400 and before the slow relay 402 has time to de-energize and permit its armature .424 to disengage its front contact.

In multiple with this circuit, an energizing circuit extends over the conductor 425, armature 426 and its back contact, armature 322 and its back contact, armature 323 andits back contact, armature 324 and its back contact, and through the winding of the dummy selecting relay 303,

to negative battery.

As a result of the energization of the relay 401, as described above, an obvious energizing circuit is completed for the relay 408 over armature 421,

and at armature 428 an energizing circuit is completed for the relay 439 from positive battery over the armature 428 and its front contact, conductor 429, armature 430 of relay 493and its back contact, conductor 43I and through the winding of the'slow relay 499, to negative battery.

Slow relay 409 energizes and at its armature 432 completes an energizing circuit fcrthe slow relay M0, for a purpose to be described hereinafter.

As a result of the energization of selecting relay 303 as described above, an energizing circuit is completed over its armature 325, conductor 326, to the relay 4I3 which upon energization locks itself over its armature 435, and opens the circuit of the substation start relay 4 to prevent the operation of this relay-while the dispatcher performs an operation. 7

It will be recalled that, at the office, the relay 2III was energized to in turn open the energizing circuit of the line relays 233 and 490 when relay 203 was energized. One of the results, however, of the energization of relay 293 was to'prepare an energizing circuit-for the relay 294 sothat, when the line relay 200 was de-energized in the manner descried above, relay 234 immediately energized and at its armature 245 opened. the energizing circuit traced above for the relay29I.

It will be noted from the above description, that there is here provided a complete cycle of operations for intermittently energizing and deenergizing the line relays 200 and 403. This cycle comprises operations controlled by relays EM and 204. Energization of relay 2I3I causes the de-energization of line relay 299 which in turn energizes the relay 204 and the relay 294 thereupon de-energizes the relay 20 I. Relay 2M upon de-energization, in turn recloses the energizing circuit for the line relay 200. Y

Line relay 200, upon energization, opens the energizing circuit of relay 294 which, upon deenergization, recloses the energizing circuit of the relay 20I and it, in turn, de-energizes relay 200 to repeat this cycle. In this manner, the line relays 200 and 400 at the ofii ce and substation, respectively, are intermittently energized and deenergized, the number of energizations and deenergizations being controlled in accordance with the selecting point operate key which has been operated.

It will be noted that the relays 20I and 234 are both slow-to-de-energize relays so as to rovide sufficient time intervals for the impulses to insure accurate stepping operations. 'Relay 205, however, which is energized in multiple with re lay 204, is considerably slower to de-energize than relay 294, due to a larger amount of copper around its core, and, consequently, it remains energized during the intermittent energizations and de-energizations of relay 204.

As the line relays 200 and 493 intermittently energize and d e-energize, they operate selecting relays, as will now be described.

It will be recalled that the dummy selecting relay I38 was energized upon the first de-energization of the line relay 200. When now the line relay 200 energizes again immediately after its first de-energization, an energizing circuit for relay I31, in series with the relay I38, is completed. This circuit extends from negative battery, through the winding of the relay I38, its armature I51 and its front contact, through the winding of the relay I 31, back contact and armature I52 of relay I36, conductor I53 and armature 2500f relay 203 and its front contact, to positive battery.

Similarly it will be recalled that at the substation, the dummy selecting relay 393 was energized upon-the first de-energization of the line relay 400 and, when the relay 409 now is again energized, relay 302 is energized in series with the relay 393 over a circuit from negative battery through the winding of the relay 303, its armature 321 and its front contact, conductor 323, through the winding of the relay 302, back contact and armature 329 of relay 39I, conductor 429, and front contact and armature 428 of relay 401 to positive battery.

At the office, relay 294 de-energizes and relay 20I thereupon energizes and the line relays 296 and 490 again de-energize a second time, as explained above. Relay 234 again energizes and the first selecting relay I39 for the first selecting point now energizes over a circuit from negative battery through thewinding of the relay I39, front contact and armature I54 of relay I38, front contact and armature I50 of relay I31, back contact and armature I49 of relay I36, back contact and armature I48 of relay I39, back contact and armature 250 of relay 206, conductor 249, front contact and armature 246 of relay 202, and back contact and armature 221 of line relay 200, to positive battery.

At the substation the first selecting relay 304 now energizes over a circuit from negative battery through the winding of the relay 304, the front contact and armature 330, front contact and armature 324, back contact and armature 323, back contact and armature 322, back contact and armature 426, conductor 425, front contact and armature 424, and back contact and armature 420, to positive battery.

Line relays 200 and 409 now energize again and upon the energization of the relay 290, relay I36 energizes in series with selecting relay I39 over a circuit from negative battery through the winding of the relay I39, the armature I56.

and its front contact, through the winding of the relay I36, back contact and armature I51,

conductor I 53, armature 250 and its front contact, to positive battery.

Energization of the relay I35 opens the series energizing circuit for relays I31 and I38, traced above, at armature I52 and these relays accordingly de-energize.

When now line relay 409 is energized, relay 30! energizes in series with selecting relay 304 over the back contact and armature 33I, and its circuit traced over conductor 429 to the armature 428 of relay 497. Upon the energization of relay 30I the series energizing circuit for the re lays 392 and 393 is opened at armature 329 and these relays are accordingly de-energized.

It will be noted from the above description that, upon the de-energization of the line relays 290 and 400, the dummy selecting relays I33 and 393 energized simultaneously, and that upon the next energization of the line relays 200 and 400, relay I 31 energized in series with relay I38 and relay 302 energized in series with relay 303. Upon the next de-energization of line relay 200, selecting relay I39 was energized over a front contact at armature I 54 of the relay I38 while at the substation selecting relay 304 was'energized over the front contact and armature 330 of relay 303. Upon the next energization of the line relays 209 and 490, relay I36 energized in series'with selecting relay I39 at the office while relay 30I energized in series with selecting relay 304 at the subcompleted for relay station. Energized relays I36 and SM in turn caused the tie-energization of relays I38 and I31 at the office, and relays 303 and 302, respectively, at the substation.

Similarly, upon the next de-energization of line relays 200 and 400, the next selecting relay I40 at the office and 305 at the substation are energized, and upon the following energization of line relays 200 and 400 relay I35 energized in series with selecting relay I40 while relay 300 energized in series with selecting relay 305. Relays I35 and 300 in turn open the energized point selecting relays I39 and I36, at the office, and relays 304 and 30I, at the substation.

In this manner, as the line relays200 and 400 are periodically energized and tie-energized, the successive point selecting relays, such as I4I to I43 at the ofiice and 303 to 308 at the substation, are energized and upon each energization of re lays 200 and 400 following the energization of these point selecting relays, these point se lecting relays in turn energize in series with relays I35 to I31 at the office and 300 to 302 at the substation which in turn de-energize the previously energized point selecting relays. f

It will be noted that only three switching relays, I35 to I31, are provided in the office and only three switching relays 300 to 302, are provided at the substation, each of these being associated in multiple with individual point selecting relays. Thus, for example, relay I 31 is associated with selecting relays I38 and MI, relay I36 is associated with selecting relays I39 and I42, and relay I35 is associated with selecting relays I40 and I43. Relay I31, when it energizes, opens the energizing circuit for the relay I35 and its associated point selecting relays at armature I59; relay I30, when it energizes, opens the energizing circuit for the relay I31 and its associated point selecting relays; and relay I35, when it energizes, opens-the energizing circuit for the relay I36 and its associated point selecting relays; and similar operations occur at the relays 300 to 302 at the substation.

It will be noted that, although only five points are shown on the drawings, additional point selecting relays, such as I30 to I43 and 303 to 308', may be connected to the switching relays I35 to I31 and 300 to 302 to expand the system to any desired number of points.

When the point selecting relay I42 is energized in the manner described, an energizing circuit is 2I2 from negative battery through the winding of the relay 2I2, over the conductor 25!, through the front contact and armature 280 of relay 204, conductor 253, over the armature I30 of relay I42 and its front contact, back contact and armature I3 I. to conductor I 62, back contact and armature 254 of relay 2H and the back contact and armature 255, to positive battery.

It will be noted that the circuit for the relay 2 I2, although successively prepared at each point selecting relay, is held open by the individual selecting point relays. such as I20. which are normally energized. Relay I3I, however, having been de-energized, completes an energizing circuit for relay 2I2 in the manner described. This operation, it will be noted, occurs during the periodin the cycle of operations while the relay 204 is energized to complete the above described circuit for relay 2I2.

Relay 20I now de-energizes in the course of the normal cycle of operations and line relay 200 energizes, while the energizing circuit for the relay 203, which had been previously traced over the back contact and armature 242, is opened.

Relay 203, it will be noted, Was locked immediately after its energization over the back contact and armature 256, front contact and armature 240 to positive battery. However, upon the energization of relay 2I2 and the subsequent energization of the line relay 200, the energizing and locking circuits for relay 203 are both opened and this relay de-energizes. This prevents a switching to the receiving condition at the ofiice until the last impulse is completed. Relay 203, when de-energized, prevents further operation of relay 20I, thereby stopping the sending of impulses.

Simultaneously, as a further result of the energization of line relay 200, the relay I36 energizes in series with relay I42, as described above,

and relay I36, upon energization, opens the series energizing circuit of the previously energized relays IM and I31 at armature I52. Relays I42 and I36, however, do not remain energized as their energizing circuit is opened at the armature 250 when relay 203 de-energizes, as described above.

As described hereinbefore, a further result of the energization of line relay 200 is to de-energize the slow relay 204 and subsequently the relay 205.

While these operations have been going on at the ofiice, similar point selecting relays have beenenergized at the substation so that, at this time, relay 30I is energized in series with relay 301. Relay 30I, upon energizing, opens the energizing circuit of the previously energized point selecting relay 300 and series energized relay 302.

It will be noted that relay 401 is a slow-torelease relay and accordingly is unaifected during the short impulse intervals while its circuit is periodically opened and closed by line relay 400. However, when its energizing circuit is held open sufiiciently long, relay 401'de-energizes upon the energization of line relay 400 and an energizing circuit is accordingly completed for the relay 3I0 associated with the circuit breaker which is to be operated. This circuit extends from negative battery through the winding of the relay 3I0, over the front contact and arrna ture 332 of selecting relay 301, conductors 333, over the front contact and armature 334 of relay 30I, back contact and armature 335 of relay 300, back contact and armature 336 of relay 302, back contact and armature 448 of relay 4! I, over the front contact and armature 433 of relay 409, and the armature 436 and its front contact of relay 408 and the back contact and armature 421 of relay 401, to positive battery.

Upon energization of the relay 3I0, an energizing circuit is completed for the relay 4I2 from negative battery, through the winding of the relay 4I2, over the front contact and armature 331, to positive battery, over the circuit traced for relay 3I0. Relay .4I2, upon energization, locks itself and relay 3I0 over its front contact and armature 431. A further result of energization of relay 3I0 is to shunt down relay 3I3. which is normally energized, for the purpose to be described hereinafter. This shunt includes front contact and armature 349, armature 456 and its back contact and back contact and armature 430 of relay 4I3.

An interval of time after the de-energization of relay 401, the slow-to-de-emrgize relay 408 de-energizes. De-energizationof relay 408 opens the holding circuit for relay 307 and 30! and also opens the energizing circuit for relay 409.

After an interval of time, slow to release relay 4001s de-energized and it, in turn, de -energizes relay 4 I 0. An energizing circuit is now completed immediately following the de-energization of the relay M0 for the relay 403 from negative battery through the winding of the relay 403, over the conductor 438, back contact and armature 439 of relay 4H0, front contact and armature 440 of relay 4I2, now energized, back contact and armature MI, and back contact and armature 442, to positive battery.

Relay 4!." at the substation is now energized over a circuit from negative battery through the winding of the relay 40I, over the armature 443 of its back contact, and front contact and armature 444, to positive battery;

It will be noted, at this time, that, although heretofore the impulsing for the code impulses was controlled from the office by means of relay 20I until the selection was completed, the succeeding checking impulses will now be controlled by the relay 40I at the substation.

Relay 40I, upon energization, opens the main drive line at armature 4I9, thereby de-energizing the two line relays 200 and 400 at the office and substation, respectively.

At the substation, as a result of the ale-energization. of line relay 400, an energizing circuit is completed for .the relay 404 over the front contact and armature 423, and front contact and armature 424, and the back contact and armature 420. 1

A multiple energizing circuit is completed for the relays 405 and 303, the circuit for the latter extending from negative battery, winding of relay 303 over the back contacts and armatures 324, 323, 322, 426, front contact and armature 424, back contact and armature 420 to positive battery.

At the o-fiice, upon de-energization of line relay 200, inasmuch as relay 203 is now de-energized, an energizing circuit is completed for the relay 20'! from negative battery through the Winding of the relay 20?, back contact and armature 251, back contact and armature 241, front contact and armature 248, back contact and armature 221, to positive battery. A multiple energizing circuit is also completed for the relay I30, as traced hereinbefore.

Attention is directed at this time to the difference in operation of the two stations during the checking period as distinguished from the previous selecting period. Whereas, previously, the relay 203 at the office was energized and accordingly controlled the energizing circuits for relays 204 and 205 at armature 24-1 and the energizing circuit for the point selecting relays armature 250 during the checking period, relay 203 now remains de-energized.

At the substation, the relay 403, which has deenergized during the selecting period, is now energized. The effects of this difference will be noted in the description which follows:

As a result of the energization of relay 207 at the ofiice, an obvious energizing circuit is completed for the relay 208 over the front contact and armature 268. Relay 209 is also energized at this time over a circuit from negative battery through the winding of relay 209, over conductor 259, armature 260 and its back contact, back contact and armature 250, and the front contact and armature 26I, to positive battery.

- At the substation, as a result of the energization of relay 404 the energizing circuit for relay 40! is opened and this relay de-energizes again, closing the drive line and energizing line relays 200 and 400.

Energization of line relay 400 at the substation provides a series energizing circuit for relays 302 and 303 in series, as traced above, and at the office the energization of line relay 200 provides a series energizing circuit for the relays I3! and I38 as traced hereinbefore.

At the substation, as a result of the energization of line relay 400, the energizing circuit for the relay-404 is again opened and this slow-relay ly energizing and de-energizing line relays 200 and 400. As these relays. energize and de-energize, they successively energize the point selecting relays I38 to I43 at the ofiice, and 303 to 308 at the substation, while the relays I35 to I3! and 300 to 302 energize in succession, each in turn controlling the ole-energization of the preceding switching relay and its associated point selecting relay.

When the point selecting relay 301 is energized,

and relay 3! is energized in series therewith, an energizing circuit is completed for the relay 4 from negative battery through the winding of the relay 4| I, over armature 445 and its back contact, armature 446 and its back contact, back contact and armature 45I, back contact and armature 436, armature 433 and its back contact, armature 336 and its back contact, armature 335 and its back contact, armature 334 and its front contact, conductor333, armature 332 and its front contact of the selecting relay 301, armature 33'! and its front contact of relay 3I0. and front contact and armature 431, to positive battery. Relay 4I-I, upon energization, locks itself over its front contact and armature 441.

. Relay 403, which has been provided with two energizing circuits; one, its own locking circuit over armature 444, and the other, over armature 44I of relay M I, is now de-energized due to the fact that both of these circuits are now opened. As a result of the (fie-energization of relay 403, relays 301 and 30I are de-energized.

During the transmission of the checking impulses, relay 201 has remained operated in the manner described for relay 401 at the substation. Line relay 200 now remains energized at this time for a longer interval than the normal impulsing interval due to the de-enr'r izatio o relay 403 which stops the cycle of operations of relays 40I and 404 and, as a result, relay 201 deenergizes after an interval of time. An energizing circuit is thereupon completed for the relay i34 from negative battery through the Winding of relay I34, front contact and armature I 03, conductor IE4, front contact and armature H55, back contact and armature I60, back contact and armature I61, back contact and armature 262,

front contact and armature 263, armature 264 and its front contact, back contact and armature 268, to positive battery.

An energizing circuit is thereby completed for relay 2 from negative battery through the winding of relay 2 and over the front contact and armature I68, to positive battery, over the circuit traced above for relay I34.

The office has thus completed a selection of a circuit breaker to be operated, and the substation, following this selection, has checked the selection.

The check lamp H1 at point 4 is now illuminated by an energizing circuit over armature I69 and its front contact of relay I34, indicating that the selection has been made and checked and that the apparatus is in condition for operation.

Slow-to-de-energize relay 208 de-energizes a short interval of time after the relay 201 has deenergized. The relay 2I8 is also de-energized at this time as a result of the energization of relay 2| I. Relays I42 and I36 are de-energized following the de-energization of relay 208.

As a further result of the de-energization of both slow relays 201 and 208, slow relay 209 deenergizes after an interval of time, inasmuch as its energizing circuit is completed over the front contactsof either armature 26I or armature 265.

With the twist control key I20 in the position for closing the breaker, the dispatcher may now, by operating the master control key I02, cause an operation of the selected unit in the following manner.

The operator will depress the master control key I02, closing the contact IOI. An energizing circuit is thereupon completed for the relay 2 I5 from negative battery through the winding of the relay 2I5, contact IOI, over the front contact and armature 232 to positive battery. Relay 203 is now energized a second time over a circuit from negative battery through the winding of the relay 203, conductor 239, back contact and armature 240, front contact and armature 299, front contact and armature 254 of relay 2 which was just described as energized, and back contact and armature 255, to positive battery.

As a resultof the energization of relay 203, an energizing circuit is completed for. relay20I from negative battery through the winding of relay 20I, conductor 243, armature 244 and its back contact, armature 245 and its back contact, and front contact and armature 246, to positive battery.

Energization of relay 20I de-energizes line relays 200 and 400 in the manner already described, and as a result of the de-energization of relay 200 and before the de-energization of slow relay 202, relays 204, 205 and I38 are energized; all in the manner which was described in detail hereinbefore.

At the substation, the de-energization of line relay 400, simultaneously with the ole-energization of line relay 200, completes an energizing circuit for the relays 401 and 303, in the manner described hereinbefore.

Ehergization of the relay 401 completes an obvious energizing circuit for relay 408 which in turn completes an energizing circuit for relay,

series, while at the substation, the energization of line relay 400 complete an energizing circuit for the relays 303 and 302.

At the oflice, line relay 200 first energizes and in turn de-energizes the relay 204, all as described before, and the relay MI is again energized to de-energize line relays 200 and 400.

This cycle continues to successively energize the selecting relays for a third cycle and in this manner, ultimately, relay I35 is energized in series with the relay I43 at the office, while simultaneously the relay 300 is energized in series with the relay 308 at the substation.

At the ofiice, the energization of relay I35 opens the series energizing circuit for the relays I42 and I36 at the armature I51. Relay I43 upon energization completes an energizing circuit for relay 2I0 from negative battery through winding of relay 2), armature 298 and its front contact, front contact and armature 255, armature 291 and its front contact, armature I99 and its front contact, conductor I18, inner contact and spring I22, back contact and armature I08, front contact and armature I11 to positive battery. Relay 2I0 locks up and, in turn, deenergizes relay 203 at its armature 255.. Relay 203 upon de-energization stops further impulsing from the ofiice. The cycle of operation now stops at thispoint with the line relays 200 and 400 energized as described in connection with the previous cycles.

A further result of the de-energization of relay 203 is the opening of the series energizing circuit for the relay I35 and selecting relay I43.

At the substation, the energization of relays 308 and. 300 opens the series energizing circuit for the relay Bill and selecting relay 301. An interval after the continued energization of line relay 400, slow-to-release relay 401 is de energized and an energizing circuit is closed for the relay 4I4 from negative battery through the winding of the relay 4I4, front contact and armature 448, front contact and armature 433, armature 436 and its front contact and back contact and armature 421, to positive battery.

Energization of relay 4I4 completes an energizing circuit for the closing breaker magnet 320 from positive battery over armature 450 and its front contact, conductor 338, armature 339 and its front contact of selecting relay 308, conductor 340, armature 34! and its front contact, through the winding of the closing magnet 320, to negative battery, and the circuit breaker closes.

As a result of the movement of the circuit breaker from its tripped to its closed position, the auxiliary switch 32I, which is a part of the breaker, opens the circuit for the slow-to-release relay 3I4 which then de-energizes. An energizing circuitis thereupon completed for the relay 4I5 from negative battery through the winding of relay 4I5, front contact and armature of relay 4I4, back contact and armature 45I of relay 404, conductor 452, armature 453 and its front contact, conductor454, through the armature 342 and its front contact of selecting relay 308, conductor 343, back contact and armature 344 of relay 3 I 4, back contact and armature 345 of point relay 3| 3, and front contact and armature 346 of relay 3I0, to positive battery.

Relay 408 is at this time locked over a circuit from negative battery through the winding 408, its own armature and front contact, back contact and armature 455, front contact and armature 44I, back contact and armature 442 to positive battery. It will be noted thatv this locking circuit includes the armature contacts 4155 of relay H5 which inturn is controlled by the circuit breaker. Relay 4% therefore, maintains the closing circuit of the breaker through magnet 320 closed until the breaker is latched in its closed position. As soon, however, as the circuit breaker closes and latches in position, relay M5 is energized as described above and the locking circuit for relay M8 is opened.

Relay lliB now d e-energizes, due to the fact that relay All? was previously de-energized, and in turn opens the energizing circuit for the relay M4 at armature 36. De-energization of relay 608 also causes the de-energization of slow relay M9 which in turn opens the energizing circuit for the relay All] at armature 332. A further result of the de-energization of relay tell is to deenergize relay 3% and selecting relay 308.

- Relay 4% is now energized over a circuit from negative battery through the winding of relay 4G3, over conductor 633, back contact and armature 439, front contact and armature 455, front contact and armature MI, back contact and armature M2, to positive battery;

Energization of relay 403 completes an energizing circuit for relay diiI, in the manner described hereinbefore, which in turn opens the energizing circuit for the line relays 23B and 4%. De-energization of line relay the at the substation completes energizing circuits for relays 4M, 8%, and 383, in the manner which has already been described in detail.

At the office, the de-energization of line relay 2M energizes relays 297' and I38 in the manner already described. Energization of relay 201 in turn energizes relays 288 and 209, as hereinbefore described.

At the substation, the energization of relay 4M de-energizes relay 42!! which thereupon, at armature M9, again closes an energizing circuit for line .relaysi 2M! and 480 in series. Now the line relays 2M and Mill energize successively in the manner described hereinbefore. 1

The selecting relays 39 to I43 are successive ly energized and in synchronism with the selecting relays 3134 to 388 at the substation.

As a result of the energization of selecting relays 308 and 584, an energizingcircuit is now completed for the relay ift from negative battery through the .winding of relay lit, armature and front contact of relay 453, front contact and armature 45L conductor 452, armature Q53 and its front contact, conductor $54, armature 342 and its front contact of selecting relay. 398, conductor 343, back contact andarmature 3% of r lay 3M, back contact and armature 345 of point relay 3I3, front contact and armature 3 353 of relay 3Ill to positive battery.

Relay 3I3 is now energized over a circuit from positive battery through the winding of relay 3 I 3, back contact and armature 3458 of relay 3M, front contact and armature 349 of relay 3W, armature 456 and its front contact and armature 352 and its back contact, to negative battery.

Relay 3E3, upon energization (locks itself over the front contact and its armature 358. A further result of the energization of relay M6 is to complete an energizing circuit for the relay 35I from negative battery through the Winding of the relay 35I and armature 4353 and its front contact to positive battery. Relay 35I opens the above traced energizing circuit for relay 3I3 at armature 352 to prevent the holding of a prolonged 75';

operating circuit for relay 3I3. Relay 3I3 is the supervisory relay which must de-energiz'e. when the breaker changes. Accordingly, if the breaker change occurred at the time when the energizing circuit is closed, the supervisory relay would not release if the operating current for relay M3 were maintained during and after the interval While armature 348 moved between its contacts.

At this time, relay iEiI de-energizes and line relays2'00 and tall are energized in series.

At the substation, relay M3 de-energizes by reason of the operation of relay H6 which has been energized. Relays 3G8 and 3 .38 are energized in series. Thisenergization of relay 30!! opens the series energizing circuit for relays 3M and 3!". Relays E68, 308, and Mi l now doenergize.

At the office, the relays I35 and I 43 energize in series to open the series energizing circuit for relays I36 and M2. Relay 26'! now de-energizes and an energizing circuit is completed for the relay I32 from negative battery through the Winding of relay 32, front contact and armature 262, front contact and armature 2E3, armature 264 and its front contact, and the back contact and'armature 268, to positive battery.

Energization of the relay I32 completes an energizing circuit for the relay I30 from positive battery through the winding of relay I38, front contact and armature I'lil, front contact and armature I II, and front contact and armature I'I2, of selecting relay I43, to negative battery. Relay I39 locks itself over an obvious circuit.

A circuit is also completed for the relay I3I from positive battery through the winding of relay I M, front contact and armature I13, armature I14 and its front contact, to negative battery. j

As a result of the energization of relay Ifiil, the red lamp H9 is illuminated over an energizing circuit including armature I15 and its front contact, indicating to the dispatcher that the circuit breaker has closed in accordance with the control operation performed by the dispatcher. At the same time, the energizing circuit for the green lamp I23, which has been illuminated up to this time to indicate that the circuit breaker is in the tripped position, is opened, and the lamp is extinguished, providing a further indication to the dispatches of the breaker condition.

Aninterval of time after the de-energization of relay 281, slow-to-release relay 208 de-energizes, releasing the relays M3 and I35, as described hereinbefore. An energizing circuit is now completed for the relay 2H2 from negative battery through the winding of relay 2M, armature 224 and its front contact, armature I76 and its front contact, and the back contact and armature 265, to positive battery. Relay 2M locks up.

As a result of the energization of relay EM, an energizing circuit is completed for the relay 201 over the front contact and armature 244. As a result of the de-energization of relay 203, the energizing circuit for the relay I32 is opened and this relay de-energizes after an interval of time.

Energization of relay 20I opens the energizing circuit for the two line relays 200 and 100, which thereupon de-energize. Relay 2% ole-energizes an interval of time after the de-energization of relay 208. An interval after the de-energization of relay 2530, relay 202 de-energizes, and as a result, relays 2H5, 2I0, I34, 2! I, M5 and 2I2, are all de-energized. In this connection attention is directed to the symbols employed for positive battery. The symbol with a double circle indicates a direct connection to battery. The symbol with a single circle indicates connections to battery through front contact and armature 228 of relay 202. Therefore, until relay 202 drops out all circuits showing a positive battery connection with a single circle remain connected to the positive battery. The purpose of this connection is to release the system whenever relay 202 is de-energized. At the substation, the de-energization of line relay 400 de-energizes relay 402, and'relays M6, 5, 4, M2, 35I, M8, and 406 are de-energized.

At the office, relay 2I4 de-energizes, following the de-energization of relay 202, and in turn deenergizes relay 20I. De-energization of relay 20I again closes the normal energizing circuit for the line relays 200 and 400. Relay 200 in turn energizes relay 202 and relay 400 energizes relay 402.

The apparatus is now back in its normal condition which existed before the dispatcher operated his individual control key to start operations and is now ready for further operations. In the manner described in detail in the above, the dispatcher may selectively operate any other breaker either to its closed or trip position.

A trip operation is performed in a manner similar to the closing operation, except that the twist key is placed in the trip position. It will be noted, that the spring I22 of the control key I20, when it engages its upper contact which is the circuit breaker closing position extends battery from the front contact and armature II! of relay I34, over conductor I18, front contact and armature I99 of selecting relay I43 for operating the relay 2I0, to stop the transmission of operation control impulses. I

Accordingly, five such impulses are transmit ted for closing the breaker. If, however, the trip control key is in its lower position and the spring I22 engages its lower contact, battery from the same source extends over the conductor I19 only to the armature contact I9Ba of selecting relay I4I, so that only three impulses are transmitted for a trip operation.

At the substation, the circuit for the closing magnet 320 is completed over conductor 340 and the armature 339 of the fifth selecting relay 308, so that if five operation control impulses are re-- ceived, the closing magnet is energized. The trip magnet 3I9, it will be noted, is connected over conductor 35I, to the armature 353 of thethird selecting relay 306 so that, if'three impulses are received, a trip operation will result.

Similarly, when the breaker at the substation is in its closed position, the auxiliary switch opens the contacts to the relay 3M and energy from the positive battery at armature 346 extends over armature 344 and its back'contact, conductor 343 and armature 342 to the relay 4I6, so that five impulses are transmitted to indicate a closed condition of the breaker. If, on the other hand, the breaker is in its tripped position, the auxiliary switch 32I closes the circuit to relay3I4 which thereupon extends circuit from the positive battery at armature 346' l-arly the locking circuit for the relay I30 is shunted down at the armature I of selecting relay I4I when three impulses are received in accordance with a tripped condition of the breaker.

De-energization of the relay I30 completes .an energizing circuit for the lamp I23 which indicates a tripped condition of the breaker.

In the event that a breaker at the substation trips automatically, the apparatus is automatical ly started into operation to select the associated signalling lamp at the office and to operate it in a manner described above in connection with the supervisory operations. In order to make this clear, the manner in which the set is started into operation in response to an automatic operation will now be given.

It will be assumed, for example, that an automatic operation takes place at the substation such as the tripping of the breaker on the iourts selecting position, the tripping being due possibly to the action of a protective overload device. The

substation thereupon sets the apparatus into operation to send signals to select the proper indicating lamps and to change these lamps to agree with the new position of the breaker inthe following manner.

Upon the tripping of the circuit breaker, the circuit for relay SM is energized. As the armature 348 moves from its back to its front contact, the locking circuit for the relay 3I3 is momentarily opened sufficiently long to permit relay 3I3 to de-energize and to open its own looking circuit at front contact and armature 350. An energizing circuit is thereupon completed for the relay 4I'I from positive battery over armature 435 of relay 4 I 8 and its back contact, through the winding of the relay MI, and the back contact and armature 350, to negative battery.

Relay 4I'I energizes and locks itself over its armature 458, and at armature 459 completes an energizing circuit for the relay 403 from negative battery, through the winding of the relay 403, over conductor 438, back contact and armature 439, front contact and armature 459, and the back contact and armature 460, to positive battery.

Energization of the relay 403 completes an energizing circuit for the relay 40!, in the manner described above, and line relays 200 and 400 are de-energized. The apparatus is thus started into operation and successive impulses are transmitted, in the manner described above, to transmit five successive selecting impulses. At the office. a selection is made in accordance with this operation which in turn is checked back to the substation from the office. If the two agree, as in the case of the previous check, the substation sends a train of impulses to change the lamp indication and to reset the equipment to normal rest position,

In View of the fact that, in the case of an automatic operation, the apparatus is started into operation from the substation end and in the case of control operations, operations are started at the dispatchers oifice, there are some changes in the controlling relays which are energized when an automatic operation takes place over the controlling relays energized when the operations are initiated by the dispatcher. It will be recalled that, when the dispatcher initiates operations, the relay 2I8 is energized. Relay ZIS thereupon controls the starting of the selecting code combination of impulses. Subsequently, relay 2I2 is energized to stop further transmission of selecting code combination of impulses.

point selecting relay SIG. is energized and relay iI2 energizes to initiate the transmission of a checking code combination of impulse conditions. Following the complete transmission of this checking code combination, relay II-I 'is: enered to stop the transmission of this code, or in other words, to determine the last impulse of did":

this code combination.

This checking code combination of impulse conditions'sel'ects the point selecting relay I34 at the oflice for energizati'on. Relay 2 energizes to prepare the sending of an operation control code combination of impulses to the substation and relay 2 I0 energizes to stop further transmission' of this code or, in other Words, to determine the last impulse of this code.

In response to this control code combination ofimpulses, the previously selected breaker is operated and in turn operates relay 4I-5. The energization' of this relay initiates the sending of a supervisory code combination of impulses toindicate the new position of the breaker and relay 4E6 energizes to stop the supervisory code combination of impulses at the last impulse.

On the other hand, when an automatic operation takes place at the substation and the functioning of the system is initiated from the substation, relay 4II is energized as hereinbefore described and initiates the sending of a selection code combination of impulses. The reception of this selection code combination of impulses at the oflice selects the operation of the point selecting relay I34. Relay 2H energizes to initiate the sending of a checking code combination of impulses and relay 2H! energizes to terminate the checking codecombination of impulses.

The reception of this checking code combination of impulses at the substation selects operation of the point selection relay 3I0. 'Ihereupon relay 412 energizes to initiate the sending of a supervisory code combination of impulses to indicate the new position of the circuit breaker and relay M6 energizes to stop the sending of the supervisory code combination of impulses or, in other words, to determine the last impulse of this code;

The release ofthe apparatus to its norma1con-- I dition is identical in both cases.

It should be noted, that when the substation sends a supervisory signal to record an automatic operation, the alarm relay I2! is energized:

due to relay 2I6 being deenergized at the time so that a circuit is closed for relay I21 when relay I38 operates on the first or dummy impulse, which in turn, locks itself over armature I8I and, at armature I82, closes the circuit for the alarm lamp EM, and at armature I83, closes the; circuit for the alarm bell I05, thus advising the dispatcher that a supervisory signal has been received.

It is possible that the equipment may jam at any selecting position due to. line troubles or other reasons. In that case, it is desirable to be able to. reset the apparatus in order that a second opportunity for operation may be provided.

This is accomplished by pressing the release key I03. Operation of the release key I03 to move its spring for the upper position completes an energizing circuit for the relay 2M; from positive battery over upper contact of key I03, front contact and armature 224 of relay 2I3 which is energized at this time, relay 2! to negative battery. Relay 2'If4' closes a locking circuit. for itself.

Energization of the relay 2H! completes an obvious energizing circuit for the relay 26H, which in turn opens the circuit forthe line relays 200 and 400.

De-energization of line relays 200 and 400 opens the energizing circuits for the slow releasing relays 202 and 402, respectively. After an interval of time, these relays de-energize, opening the master positive and de-energizing all the relays which may at that time be operated from this position.

At the oflice, relay 2M de-energizes, in turn de-energizing relay MI, and" line relays 200 and 400 Will again energize over the normal holding circuit, as described heretofore, thereby causing relays 202 and 402 to energize. All the apparatus is now back to normal rest position again, in preparation for furtheroperatio'ns.

In the event that the checking impulses, in the case of a control operation initiated by the dispatcher, do not agree with the individual unit to be operated by the dispatcher, provision is made in accordance with my invention for automatically restoring the apparatus to normal in order that the selecting operation may be repeated and to visually indicate to the dispatcher that the checking code does not agree with the position of the individual unit to be controlled.

It will be assumed, that the checking code does not agree with the selection desired and therefore does not operate the selection relay I42, but instead, for example, operates selecting relay I4I or for that matter any other of the selecting relays.

It will be recalled that when selecting relay I42 was selected, an energizing circuit was completed for relay I34 Which in turn completed at its armature I'I'I an energizing circuit over the back contact of the armature of relay i3I to the relay 2| 0 and relay 21 0 in turn stopped the transmission of further operation control code impulses.

In the event, however, that this point selecting relay 1 34 is not energized due to the fact that checking code does not agree with the key operated, then the above circuit for relay- 2 I0 is not completed since any other point selection'relay such as I29 will not have been dropped out by the individual control key. I

If, therefore, the dispatcher fails to noteby observing the'checking lamp II! that the checking code does not agree with the individual key operated and proceeds to depress the master control key I02, the operation control code will be transmitted but will not stop at the end of the fifth impulse in view of the fact that relay 2I0 is not energized. Accordingly, sufficient impulses will be transmitted to energize all of the selecting relays in the group I38 to I43 at the oflice and 303 to 308 at the substation.

When the last one of these selecting relays (relay I43 in the present illustration) is energized, and a further impulse is transmitted, the release relay 214 is energized over a circuit from negative battery through the winding relay 2I4, armature 224 and its front contact, armature I16 and its back contact through the front contact and armature I91, front contactand armature I48, back contact and armature 250, front contact and armature 248, and back contact and armature 241 to positive battery. Relay 2I4 is energized over this circuit and operates to restore the apparatus to normal in the manner which has already been described in detail hereinbefore. A

In the event that the checking code combinationfrom office to substation, which follows the initiation of operations by an automatic operation of a breaker,.indicates that the selection made at the ofiice does not :agree with the breaker which has operated at the substation, an automatic release of the apparatus to normal condition is also obtained and the apparatus is again initiated into operation for indicating such supervisory operation.

, It will be recalled that, in the supervisory operations described hereinbefore in connection with the automatic operation of relay 3| 3 associated with a breaker, relay 3l0 was energized in response to the checking code received from the ofiice to indicate the supervisory selection made thereat. If, however, any other point selecting relay than 3I0, as for example, 309 is energized, indicating that a different supervisory selection was made at the office than that of the operated breaker, the circuit for relay 6, traced hereinbefore, and which upon energization, controls the stopping of the supervisory code combination of impulse conditions is not completed.

Accordingly, when the supervisory code combination of impulses is transmitted, the impulses are not stopped at either the third or fifth impulse as in the case of tripping or closing, respectively, but will continue until all of the selecting relays of the chain 303 to 308 at the substation and I38 to I43 at the office are energized.

When the last of these selecting relays are energized and a further impulse is received at the office, an energizing circuit is completed for the relay 2| 4 over the circuit described in detail hereinbefore. Relay 2I4 is energized and restores the apparatus to normal.

However, relay 3I3 is still de-energized, since its circuit was held open at the front contact of armature 456 of relay 4I6' which did not energize. Accordingly, the apparatus is again started into operation in the manner described hereinbefore and a supervisory point selecting code combination of impulses is transmitted from the substation to the oifice and again a checking code is received at the substation. If this checking code agrees with the circuit breaker operation, normal operations as described hereinbefore will occur.

The battery at the office may momentarily be lost. This may occur in a number of conditions, as for example, when the apparatus is in operation for remotely controlling a circuit breaker by supervisory signals or it may happen, while the apparatus is in its normal position of rest. In the former case, either a wrong selection might be made after a momentary loss of battery or an inaccurate supervisory signal might be received. In the latter case, the relays at the ofi'ice which may be energized, as for example, the individual relay I20 or I30 and which, when energized, indicates the closed position of the system breakers, will lose their energizing circuit and accordingly, indicate a false position of the remote individual breakers.

To correct this, I provide in my system automatic means, operative in the event that the battery is lost, for instantaneously restoring theapparatus to normal and to automatically check the actual condition of all of the circuit breakers.

, It will be assumed, that battery is momentarily lost at the oflice. It will be recalled, that relay 2I3 was described as energized when. the

event relay 2|3 at once deenergizes.

apparatus wasfirst put into operation and locked at itsarmature 226. Relay 2I3 thereafter re- 'mains energized during all conditions except when thebattery is momentarily lost in which Upon deenergization of relay 2| 3 in response to a momentary loss of battery, a circuit is prepared for relay 2| 3 by armature 224. As soon as the battery returns, relay 2I4 is energized, and at its armature 225 completes an energizing circuit again for the relay 2I3. Relay 2I3 energizes and its armature 22B again locks itself. At its armature 224,. it completes a locking circuit for the relay 2M. and at armature 220 again completes the energizing series line circuit for the line relays 200 and400.

As a further result of the energization of relay 2I4, an energizing circuit is completedfor relay 20L which, at armature 222, opens the circuit for the line relays 200 and 400. These relays are .thus held open until the, remaining apparatus is restored to normal by the de-ener- 'gization of slow relay 202. i

is now back to normal, but relays I29, I3I', etc,

have all dropped out in the same manner as when their individual operating keys IM and I24 are momentarily depressed with the exception that relay .2 I 6, which is controlled by the momentary depression of these individual operating keys H4 and I24, is not energized. It will be recalled that relay 2IB controls the transmission of the operation control codes for either closing or tripping the circuit breakers following their selection. Accordingly'in the present case, no such operation control code will be transmitted but instead, each breaker will be selected in turn and supervisory signals sent to the ofiice to verify the conditionof the apparatus.

Briefly, the operations which then occur are as follows: I a In view ofthe fact that relay I29 is de-energized, the apparatus is startedinto operation in the manner which'has beendescribed in detail ,above. The relay I29 being associated with the first position in the selecting point, only a single selecting impulse will be transmitted from the oifice to the substation and, as a result, selecting relay I39 at the ofiice and selecting relay 304 at the substation will be energized. Attention is called, at this time, to the factthat the first relays .I38'and 303 aredummy selecting points and are not considered in the present discussion.

When the selecting relaysl39 and 304 are energized, further transmissionof the selecting impulse is stopped by the relay. I29 which, at the back armature contact, controls the energizing circuit for relay 2I2. Thereafter a check impulse code is received in the usual manner, but ,now instead of waiting for the" depression of the master control key-as was necessary in the oper- ,ations initiated by. the dispatchena singleimpulse is automaticallytransmitted which terminatesthe operations on this position,

,themdepression of the individual operation .key'

andis subsequently released when the relay 202 is deenergized at the end of the operations. The operation control code, it will further-be recalled, is transmitted over the armature 299 of relay 2H5, relay 2!! in turn being energized upon operation'of the master key. In the present case, however, relay v2H3 remains ole-energized since no individual key has been depressed. Accordingly, following the selection of .a remote unit and the checking thereof, the operation control circuits are immediately completed over the armature at back contact of relay 2H1, this circuit extending as in the case of the operation code, described hereinbefore.

Itwill be recalled, that the relay 210 is the relay which stops the transmission of the operation control code or in other words, the last impulse of this .code in the present case. In the present case, the circuit for this relay extends from negative battery through winding of relay :2), the armature 298 and front contact of relay 212 (which is at this time energized), front contact and armature 255 of relay 264 (which is also energized), armature 297 and its back contact of de-energized relay 21 6, the armature and front contact of the first selecting relay I39, the front contact and armature 238 of relay 2 (which is energized 'at this time) to positive battery.

In this manner, a single selecting impulse is transmitted following the selection and checking. Thereafter, the remote breaker associated with this position sends a supervisory code in accordance with the position and operates the relay I28 in accordance with the position of the breaker.

The relay M5, which, it will be recalled, controls the transmission of the supervisory signals mustfbe operated in the present case, over a different circuit than that previously described, in view of the .fact that no operation of the breaker takes place other than a mere verification of the breaker operation. The-circuit which energizes relay M5 extends from the negative battery through winding relay 5, front contact and armature of relay 4 and'front contact and armature of theflfirst point selecting relay 304 to positive battery.

It will be noted, that this circuit is completed following the checking of the supervisory selection, since each switch checking is followed by a single impulse,-as described above, which merely verifies the condition of the apparatus units.

Following the checking and verification of the first point, the relay I29 associated therewith is energized and locked. The above cited "operations, are therefore, now again repeated, but this time two selecting impulses are transmitted until the relay corresponding to I3! and associated transmission of a single impulse to the remote station. A supervisory code combination is transmitted back to the oifice in accordance with the condition of the breaker at'the secondpoint.

This same cycleis now repeated for each position until the last position is reached. Following the-selection, checking and supervisory code for the last selectedposition of the relays such-as 1.29, l-3l,' 'etc., the circuit for relay 2| 8 which is normally closed in multiple over the back contacts of the armatures of these relays is now opened and remains de-energized, preventing further starting operations.

It will be noted that no finder switches either at the dispatching ofiice or substation are provided in my system. I have provided, as part of ,my invention, simplified means which eliminates the need of any finder switches and which enables the storing of impulses in the case of auto matic operation of a number of breakers at the substation simultaneously or during the period While a supervisory code is being transmitted or in the event of an automatic operation of a breaker during the period while the dispatcher is transmitting an operation.

It will be assumed that during the period while the dispatcher is transmitting an operation and the selecting apparatus is in operation, a circuit breaker automatically operates from one position to another.

When the circuit breaker operates, relay 3|3 is -de-energized. Thereupon an energizing circuit is prepared for-the relay 411 which is the starting relay for supervisory signals. This circuit, however, is not completed as the apparatus is, at this time, in operation, since relay-418 in that event was previously energized over the front contact and armature 325 of the dummy selecting relay :303 as described hereinbefore.

At the end of the cycle of operation, however, relay M8 will be de-energized in the manner which has been described hereinbefore. Thereupon, a circuit for the energization of relay 4" is completed, at the back contact of armature 435, and relay 4E1 upon energization, starts the superv1sory apparatus into operation.

If more thanone relay such as M3 is de-energized, as for example, relay '3, relay 4| 1 will merely be again energized at the end of the cycle of supervisory-operation for repeating the operations until all of the relays, such as 3| I and 3|3 etc have been energized and no gizing circuit is prepared'for the relay 4H.

It may be noted that, just as in the case at the ofiice, when the battery is lost momentarily at the substation, all of the relays, such as 3!! and '3l'3, etc., individual to circuit breakers or other apparatus units, are de-energized and accordgized by the substation battery. The .de-energ ization of line relay 2B0 opens the energizing clrcuit for the relay 202 which in turn restores apparatus at the office to normal in the manner which has been described hereinbefore.

It may happen, that following an operation which was initiated by the dispatcher, an automatic operation may occur at the substation but that the dispatcher, not being aware of this fact, maintains an individual key depressed in readiness to transmit a second control code as soon as thefirst control codehas been completed.

In order to provide the dispatcher with a picture ,of the very latest conditions of all of the breakers, it is desirable that, in such a case, the

further enerofl'ice. supervisory signals apparatus at the substation automatically operated during this interim get preference in seizing the line to transmit to the office supervisory indications in accordance with the new condition of the breaker, before the dispatcher is enabled to transmit the second control operation which he desires to perform.

A time delay circuit is provided which enables the apparatus at the substation to seize the line before the transmission of the control impulses initiated by the dispatcher can begin. When the first control operation is completed, relay 202 deenergizes and the armature 228 completes an energizing circuit for the relay 2l'l. Relay 2|! upon energization opens the circuit for the relay 2 18 which at armature 241 controls the energization of relay 203. Relay 203, in turn, controls the starting of the apparatus, as described hereinbefore. Accordingly, the starting is .delayed during the period while the relay 2 I1 is energized. Following the re-energization of relay 202, as described hereinbefore, relay 2!! is de-energized but there is still a delay interval, due to the fact that relay 2 l l is slow to release.

During this period, a sufficient delay is provided to permit the supervisory apparatus at the substation to seize the line and transmit the supervisory signals.

In the event that the battery at the office, for any reason at all, is interrupted rapidly, it would tend to transmit impulses which simulate the regular code combination of impulses. Undesirable effects of this condition are prevented by the above described arrangement, whereby a long restoring impulse is first transmitted following the return of the battery and before any selecting impulses can be transmitted.

Similarly, at the substation, the battery may be periodically cut off and put onto simulate impulses. In this case the oflice receives impulses which appear to be regular code impulses, but false operations are prevented because, upon the permanent return of the substation battery, the substation immediately starts the above verifying functions, before the office has time to commence the transmission of a check code. This results in a failure to check the selection and restores the system to normal.

In the event that the false impulses simulating the signalling impulses are caused by the intermittent opening and closing of the line itself, then the apparatus at the dispatching ofiice and at the substation both operate as receiving apparatus.

Following the receipt of these false impulses, the apparatus at the dispatchers office will attemptto function as a transmitter and at the same time, the apparatus at the substation will also attempt to function as a transmitter. Provision is made, however, to give the oflice preference in this case. From the foregoing description it will be apparent that the time interval between the termination of reception of impulses and the beginning of transmission of impulses is determined, by the releasing time of the three slow-to-release' relays 201, 208 and L09, while, at the substation, this time interval is dependent upon the releasing time of the four slow-to-release relays 401, 408, 409 and 4l0. Asa result the ofiice will be ready for transmission sooner than the substation and accordingly the substation will act as a receiver again. In the normal sequence of operation the substation, after acting as a receiver, should transmit a checking code. Being compelled by the arrangement just described to act as a receiver twice in succession,

without an intervening sending function, the substation isv not in a position to properly check the code impulses transmitted from the oifice and as a result the system will either restore to normal or cease to function. In either case, the

.alarm bell and light at the dispatchers oifice will warn the dispatcher that the system is not normal and he will then operate his release key to restore the apparatus to normal.

In the event that the signalling line is seized by the dispatcher for transmitting control operations and the signalling line is simultaneously seized by the supervisory apparatus at the substation in response to an automatic operationv thereat for transmitting supervisory signals, then impulses will be transmitted from the control ofiice to the sub-station and from the substation to the control ofiice simultaneously. At the control ofiice, these impulses are transmitted by a relay 20! in the manner already described, and at the substation, these impulses are transmitted by the relay 40L Inasmuch, however, as the impulsing is, in turn, also controlled by the line relays 200 and 400 which are connected in series in the signalling line, the time interval of the impulses is maintained uniform just as in normal operation and the impulses are not mutilated by reason of the fact that they are being transmitted from both ends of the line simultaneously.

The dispatchers office selecting apparatus functions as a transmitter, and the selecting apparatus at the substation also functions as a transmitter, both in the normal manner.

If the number of impulses transmitted from the substation is greater than the number transmitted from the ofiice, then, after the oflice has completed its transmission, the relay 203 will be de-energized. At this time, slow relay 205 is still energized, but the apparatus at the dispatchers office is not expecting any signals, inasmuch as it has just been acting as a transmitter and a time delay is provided between the last impulse transmitted from the dispatchers oflice and the first check impulse which is to be received from the substation. This period between the transmission of the last control impulse from the office and the transmission of the first check impulse is determined by the dropping out period for the relays 401, 408, 409 and M0 at the substation.

During this period, the slow relay 205 normally drops out, and its armature 251 moves to engage its back contact.

In the present assumed condition, however, an impulse is received at the dispatchers oflice almost immediately after the transmission of the armature 241, front contact and armature 26S and back contact and armature 22! to positive battery. Relay 200 is energized and locks itself over its own armature contact, and the armature 250 opens the impulsing circuit for the counting chain. Accordingly, the counting chain is blocked from further operation, and, when the dispatcher notes that he is not getting a signal from his point lamp, he will operate his release key, thereby restoring the selecting apparatus to normal.

In the event that the number of impulses transmitted from the oflice is greater than the number of impulses transmitted from the substation, then following the transmission of the last impulse from the substation, the next impulse received from the ofiice will energize the relay 506 over a circuit including the armature 422 and its front contact. As, in the case ofthe ofiice, following the transmission of the signals from the substation, a time interval is provided between the transmission of the last impulse from the substation and the first impulse to be received from the ofiice, which is long enough to normally permit the relay 495 to drop out and move its armature 533 to engage its back contact In this case, the time interval is determined by the three slow relays 261, 208 and 209 at the dispatching office. Since, however, in the case assumed, the next impulse is received immediately after the last impulse transmitted from the station, relay 405 does not get a chance to drop out and, as a result,.relay M6 is energized as described-above. As a result of the energization of relay 40E, armature 4126 disengages the back contact, opening the impulse circuit to the counting chain relays and preventing further operation of these relays.

In this case also, the dispatcher, by observing that no indication is received on his check lamp, will be advised of trouble on the system and will operate the release key to restore the apparatus to normal.

In the event that both the office and substation transmit exactly the same number of impulses when they seize the line simultaneously, following the complete transmission of these impulses, the

apparatus at both stations will .switch over for receiving signals. Inasmuch, however, as neither stationis acting as a transmitter-at this time, neither station, will receive any signals and, accordingly,.the dispatcher will again, after an interval, observe that nothing is happening to complete the operations and will operate the release key.

In all of the above assumed conditions, following the restoration of the apparatus to normal, the supervisory operation at the substation will be enabled to seize the line before the dispatcher can again take control, so that here again the dispatcher has available, before he ispermitted to make any control operation, the latest information on the condition of the system, and he is in fact automatically prevented from taking control of the line until he obtains this information. As in the case described hereinbefore following the operation of the reset key, the slow relay 2|! is energized after the reset operations have been completed. The line relays 206 and 400 finally are again energized in series, and the apparatus is in condition for operation. At this time, however, the slow relay 2H is still energized, preventing the dispatcher from immediately seizing the line, although the energizing circuit for relay 2 i l is at this time open and relay 2|? will shortly thereafter be de-energized and enable the dispatcher to seize the line.

During the interval, however, while relay 2!! is till energized, the apparatus at the substation is enabled to seize the line for the transmission of the supervisory signals.

In all supervisory control systems, it is essential, in view of the fact that the remote .circuit breakers are not visible to thedispatcher, that means be provided for preventing the dispatcher from persisting in attempting to close abreaker against a short,- circuit, as .this may result in damage both to the breaker itself and to the short-circuited system. In the present case, when .the dispatcher transmits a closing operation .tothe substation, the relay, which controls the circuit to the magnet which closes the breaker, is relay 488. As has been described in detail in the above, as soon as the breaker is closed, the auxiliary switches thereon function immediately to open the circuit for the relay 408 which releases, thereby opening the closing circuit for the breaker. If the circuit breaker should, at the instant it is closed, be tripped out, the system will first complete the sending of the supervisory code and thereafter the signalling line is immediately seized by the supervisory apparatus at the substation for transmitting an indication of this condition to the dispatcher, and as has been explained above, this signal tion with supervisory control, it will be obvious that it has adaptations to other forms of signalling systems, and I do not intend to limit myself to the specific system herein used for illustration except insofar as set forth in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a signalling system, a first chain of selecting relays including a dummy relay; a second chain of relays; and common energizing operat .ing circuit for said first chain of relays, the relays of the second chain being normally operative to connect the operating circuit to the dummy relay and thereafter operative sequentially to connect the operating circuit to successive relays in said firstchain and to deenergize the preceding operated relay of the first chain.

2. In a signalling system, a first chain of selecting relays including a dummy relay; an energizing circuit therefor; means whereby each relay in the chain when operated connects the energizing circuit to the next succeeding relay in said chain; a second chain of relays; and meanswhereby said second chain of relays cooperates with said first chain of relays for sequentially connecting said energizing circuit to suecessive relays in said first chain of relays.

3. In a signalling system, a first chain of selecting relays including a dummy relay; an energizing circuit therefor; means whereby each relay in said chain when operated connects the energizing circuit to the next succeeding relay in said chain; a second chain of relays; means whereby said second chain of relays cooperates with said first chain of relays for sequentially connecting said energizing circuit to successive relays in said firstchain of relays; and means including said second chain of relays for preventing simultaneous energization of any two of said relays in said first chain.

4-. In a signalling system, a first chain of selecting relays including a dummy relay; an energizing circuit therefor; means whereby each relay in said first chain'when operated connects the energizing circuit to the next succeeding relay; a second chain of relays; means whereby said second chain of relays cooperates with said first chain of relays for sequentially, connecting 

